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feat: add --replay mode for JSONL event replay without eBPF#1010

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feat: add --replay mode for JSONL event replay without eBPF#1010
Molter73 wants to merge 3 commits into
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mauro/feat/replay-input

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@Molter73 Molter73 commented Jul 7, 2026

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Description

Add a --replay CLI flag that reads pre-recorded events from a JSONL file instead of loading eBPF programs. This allows profiling the entire userspace pipeline with tools like valgrind DHAT that don't support BPF syscalls.

In replay mode, the BPF loader and HostScanner are bypassed entirely. Events flow directly from the JSONL reader through the RateLimiter and Output stages.

Changes:

  • Add Deserialize impls for inode_key_t and monitored_t (fact-ebpf)
  • Add Deserialize derives to Event, FileData, Process and related types
  • Make kernel metrics optional in Exporter (None in replay mode)
  • Migrate task handles to a shared JoinSet for cleaner lifecycle mgmt
  • Add replay module with async JSONL file reader
  • Add --replay flag to CLI and config

Assisted-by: claude-opus-4.6 noreply@opencode.ai

Checklist

  • Patch has a change log entry OR does not need one.
  • Investigated and inspected CI test results
  • Updated documentation accordingly

Automated testing

  • Added unit tests
  • Added integration tests
  • Added regression tests

If any of these don't apply, please comment below.

Testing Performed

Run fact in stdout mode redirecting output to a file, then used that file to replay events on a mock server.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features
    • Added a --replay mode to replay events from a JSONL file (skips live BPF/host scanning).
    • Enabled full event round-trip serialization so replayed/saved event data loads consistently.
  • Bug Fixes
    • Improved output/metrics handling when kernel metrics are unavailable.
  • Refactor
    • Improved background task lifecycle management to make shutdown and draining behavior more reliable.

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coderabbitai Bot commented Jul 7, 2026

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Review Change Stack

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

Adds a --replay CLI/config option and a new replay module that reads JSONL events and forwards them via mpsc. Refactors BPF, HostScanner, Output, RateLimiter, and Reloader startup APIs from returning JoinHandle to registering into a shared tokio::task::JoinSet. Adds Deserialize support to event and eBPF types, and makes Exporter's kernel metrics optional.

Changes

Replay mode and task orchestration refactor

Layer / File(s) Summary
Event and eBPF Deserialize support
fact/src/event/mod.rs, fact/src/event/process.rs, fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs
Adds Deserialize derives across Event, FileData-related types, Process/Lineage, and custom Deserialize impls for inode_key_t and monitored_t.
Replay config/CLI option
fact/src/config/mod.rs, fact/src/config/tests.rs
Adds replay: Option<PathBuf> to FactConfig/FactCli, a replay() accessor, merge logic, and updates test fixtures.
Replay playback module
fact/src/replay.rs
New start function reads a JSONL file line-by-line, deserializes into Event, and streams events over an mpsc channel.
Optional kernel metrics
fact/src/metrics/exporter.rs
Exporter::kernel_metrics becomes Option<Arc<KernelMetrics>>; new and encode guard against absent metrics.
Worker startup migrated to JoinSet
fact/src/bpf/mod.rs, fact/src/host_scanner.rs, fact/src/output/mod.rs, fact/src/rate_limiter.rs, fact/src/config/reloader.rs
start methods for BPF, HostScanner, Output, RateLimiter, and Reloader now take &mut JoinSet and spawn into it instead of returning JoinHandle.
Main run() orchestration rewrite
fact/src/lib.rs
Introduces a shared JoinSet, a bpf_input helper, replay/normal pipeline branching, and replaces manual handle joining with task_set.join_next().
Changelog entry
CHANGELOG.md
Documents the --replay mode feature.

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~60 minutes

Possibly related PRs

  • stackrox/fact#902: Both PRs modify the output task startup in fact/src/lib.rs and fact/src/output/mod.rs, changing how the output/gRPC task lifecycle is managed.

Suggested reviewers: JoukoVirtanen, Stringy

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 48.39% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Title check ✅ Passed The title is concise and accurately summarizes the main replay-mode change.
Description check ✅ Passed The description matches the template sections and includes the change summary, checklist, and testing notes.
✨ Finishing Touches
📝 Generate docstrings
  • Create stacked PR
  • Commit on current branch
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
  • Create PR with unit tests
  • Commit unit tests in branch mauro/feat/replay-input

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@Molter73 Molter73 force-pushed the mauro/feat/replay-input branch 2 times, most recently from b4c135f to 68ec0c4 Compare July 7, 2026 15:17
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codecov-commenter commented Jul 7, 2026

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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 6.04396% with 171 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 32.26%. Comparing base (f5cf4d7) to head (b3dfb5a).

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
fact/src/lib.rs 0.00% 58 Missing ⚠️
fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs 0.00% 38 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/replay.rs 0.00% 37 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/output/mod.rs 0.00% 13 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/rate_limiter.rs 0.00% 6 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/metrics/exporter.rs 0.00% 5 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/bpf/mod.rs 0.00% 4 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/output/stdout.rs 0.00% 4 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/config/reloader.rs 0.00% 3 Missing ⚠️
fact/src/host_scanner.rs 0.00% 3 Missing ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@                    Coverage Diff                     @@
##           mauro/tests/rate-limit    #1010      +/-   ##
==========================================================
- Coverage                   33.22%   32.26%   -0.96%     
==========================================================
  Files                          21       22       +1     
  Lines                        2971     3093     +122     
  Branches                     2971     3093     +122     
==========================================================
+ Hits                          987      998      +11     
- Misses                       1981     2092     +111     
  Partials                        3        3              

☔ View full report in Codecov by Harness.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

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  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.

@Molter73 Molter73 marked this pull request as ready for review July 7, 2026 16:14
@Molter73 Molter73 requested a review from a team as a code owner July 7, 2026 16:14

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Actionable comments posted: 3

Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to platform limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)
fact/src/event/mod.rs (1)

73-80: 🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

Preserve hostname when replaying events. #[serde(skip_deserializing)] drops it to "" on Event deserialization, and fact/src/replay.rs forwards that value unchanged into fact_api::FileActivity. Replayed output loses the recorded host identity; add a deserialization default or repopulate it in the replay path if that’s not intended.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact/src/event/mod.rs` around lines 73 - 80, The Event deserialization
currently drops hostname to an empty value, which then gets forwarded unchanged
by the replay path. Update the Event type’s serde handling so hostname is
preserved or restored during deserialization, and verify the replay logic in
replay.rs / FileActivity construction uses the recorded hostname instead of the
blank default.
🧹 Nitpick comments (2)
fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs (1)

108-194: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Consider round-trip tests for the new Deserialize impls.

No tests exercise serialize→deserialize round trips for inode_key_t/monitored_t, matching Codecov's coverage gap on this file. A couple of small unit tests would catch drift between the manual Serialize/Deserialize impls.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs` around lines 108 - 194, Add small unit tests for the
new manual serde implementations in inode_key_t and monitored_t to cover
serialize-to-deserialize round trips. Use the existing Serialize/Deserialize
impls for inode_key_t and monitored_t to verify that a value serialized to JSON
(or equivalent serde format) deserializes back to the same value, including at
least one case for each monitored_t variant and a representative inode_key_t
value. Place the tests near the serde impls in lib.rs so they clearly exercise
these symbols and prevent drift between the custom serialization and
deserialization logic.
fact/src/replay.rs (1)

13-61: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

No tests for the replay reader.

Matches Codecov's coverage gap for this file. A test spawning start() against a small temp JSONL (including a malformed line) would validate the parse/skip/forward behavior cheaply.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact/src/replay.rs` around lines 13 - 61, Add coverage for replay::start by
introducing a test that spawns it with a temporary JSONL file and a watch
receiver, then verifies the reader forwards valid Event entries, skips malformed
JSON lines, and continues after deserialize failures. Use the start function and
its line-by-line parsing path in replay.rs so the test exercises the existing
parse/skip/forward behavior end to end.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@fact/src/config/mod.rs`:
- Line 44: The new replay field in the configuration schema is missing dedicated
test coverage. Update fact/src/config/tests.rs to add cases that parse a YAML
replay: <path> value, exercise the replay() accessor, and verify update() merges
a Some(path) value correctly; use the existing Config and update() test patterns
as the reference point. Also extend the fully specified config fixtures that
already include replay: None so they cover the new field consistently, but make
sure there is at least one explicit test for parsing and merging replay.

In `@fact/src/event/process.rs`:
- Around line 41-48: The Process.username field is only marked
skip_deserializing, so replayed events keep the default empty value and never
get repopulated. Update the Process struct’s serde handling to mirror the
Event.hostname fix by adding a default provider (or equivalent reassignment
path) for username in fact/src/event/process.rs, and ensure the
replay/deserialization flow restores a usable username instead of leaving it
blank.

In `@fact/src/replay.rs`:
- Around line 13-61: The replay task in start() is being treated as a global
shutdown signal when it reaches EOF, which can stop downstream consumers before
their bounded queues are drained. Update the replay completion path so finishing
the file does not flip the shared running flag in run(); instead, keep replay
completion separate from shutdown or add an explicit drain/flush step for
RateLimiter and Output before exit. Use the start() task and the
run()/running.changed() shutdown flow to locate the fix.

---

Outside diff comments:
In `@fact/src/event/mod.rs`:
- Around line 73-80: The Event deserialization currently drops hostname to an
empty value, which then gets forwarded unchanged by the replay path. Update the
Event type’s serde handling so hostname is preserved or restored during
deserialization, and verify the replay logic in replay.rs / FileActivity
construction uses the recorded hostname instead of the blank default.

---

Nitpick comments:
In `@fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs`:
- Around line 108-194: Add small unit tests for the new manual serde
implementations in inode_key_t and monitored_t to cover serialize-to-deserialize
round trips. Use the existing Serialize/Deserialize impls for inode_key_t and
monitored_t to verify that a value serialized to JSON (or equivalent serde
format) deserializes back to the same value, including at least one case for
each monitored_t variant and a representative inode_key_t value. Place the tests
near the serde impls in lib.rs so they clearly exercise these symbols and
prevent drift between the custom serialization and deserialization logic.

In `@fact/src/replay.rs`:
- Around line 13-61: Add coverage for replay::start by introducing a test that
spawns it with a temporary JSONL file and a watch receiver, then verifies the
reader forwards valid Event entries, skips malformed JSON lines, and continues
after deserialize failures. Use the start function and its line-by-line parsing
path in replay.rs so the test exercises the existing parse/skip/forward behavior
end to end.
🪄 Autofix (Beta)

Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:

  • Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
  • Create a new PR with the fixes

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Enterprise

Run ID: 9570c942-4422-4544-b4e3-40dde97bdb37

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 17d94b4 and bd88a24.

📒 Files selected for processing (14)
  • CHANGELOG.md
  • fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs
  • fact/src/bpf/mod.rs
  • fact/src/config/mod.rs
  • fact/src/config/reloader.rs
  • fact/src/config/tests.rs
  • fact/src/event/mod.rs
  • fact/src/event/process.rs
  • fact/src/host_scanner.rs
  • fact/src/lib.rs
  • fact/src/metrics/exporter.rs
  • fact/src/output/mod.rs
  • fact/src/rate_limiter.rs
  • fact/src/replay.rs

Comment thread fact/src/config/mod.rs
Comment thread fact/src/event/process.rs
Comment on lines +41 to +48
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct Process {
comm: String,
args: Vec<String>,
exe_path: PathBuf,
container_id: Option<String>,
uid: u32,
#[serde(skip_deserializing)]

@coderabbitai coderabbitai Bot Jul 7, 2026

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🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Same skip-deserializing gap as Event.hostnameusername is always blank on replay.

Same root cause as the Event.hostname field flagged in fact/src/event/mod.rs: this field will deserialize to "" for every replayed event with no reassignment happening. Worth applying the same fix (e.g., a default = "..." fn) if a live-username lookup is available.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact/src/event/process.rs` around lines 41 - 48, The Process.username field
is only marked skip_deserializing, so replayed events keep the default empty
value and never get repopulated. Update the Process struct’s serde handling to
mirror the Event.hostname fix by adding a default provider (or equivalent
reassignment path) for username in fact/src/event/process.rs, and ensure the
replay/deserialization flow restores a usable username instead of leaving it
blank.

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@CodeRabbit, when replaying events, the hostname and username are really not that important when replaying, for the time being we can keep them empty. In the future, if we want to change this behavior we can change the types to String and parse them directly from the JSON line.

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@Molter73, understood — that makes sense for the replay use case. Thanks for the clarification, I won't flag this further for this PR.


✏️ Learnings added
Learnt from: Molter73
Repo: stackrox/fact PR: 1010
File: fact/src/event/process.rs:41-48
Timestamp: 2026-07-14T10:33:28.625Z
Learning: In `fact/src/event/process.rs` and `fact/src/event/mod.rs` (fact repo, Rust), `Process.username` and `Event.hostname` are intentionally left empty (`skip_deserializing`) when replaying events from a JSONL file via the `--replay` CLI mode, since these fields are not important for replay/profiling purposes. If this needs to change in the future, the maintainer (Molter73) noted the types could be changed to `String` and parsed directly from the JSON line instead of relying on live host lookups.

Note: Learnings are effective only in the context of similar code segments. To apply general coding guidelines, please configure review instructions. You can manage existing learnings in the app.

Comment thread fact/src/replay.rs
@Molter73 Molter73 marked this pull request as draft July 10, 2026 11:01
@Molter73 Molter73 force-pushed the mauro/feat/replay-input branch 2 times, most recently from c0267d4 to 0194aae Compare July 14, 2026 16:33

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Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to platform limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)
fact/src/lib.rs (1)

89-148: 🩺 Stability & Availability | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

Drain the outer JoinSet on normal shutdown (fact/src/lib.rs:137-146)
run() sends running = false and returns immediately on Ctrl-C/SIGTERM when is_replay is false, so dropping task_set aborts still-running pipeline tasks before they can flush buffered events. Drain the set after signaling shutdown on the normal path too.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact/src/lib.rs` around lines 89 - 148, Update run() to drain the outer
task_set after running.send(false) on normal shutdown, including Ctrl-C and
SIGTERM when is_replay is false, awaiting each task and propagating errors
through flatten_task_result. Preserve the existing replay draining behavior
while ensuring task_set is not dropped until all pipeline tasks have finished
flushing.
🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs (1)

108-150: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Add focused deserialization tests.

Please cover stdout→replay round trips, missing inode/dev fields, unknown map keys, all monitored_t variants, and rejection of unknown variants. These implementations are directly exercised by serde_json::from_value::<Event> in replay mode, but the supplied coverage report shows this file lacks coverage.

Also applies to: 176-193

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs` around lines 108 - 150, Add focused serde
deserialization tests around inode_key_t’s Deserialize implementation and the
Event replay deserialization path: verify stdout-to-replay round trips, missing
inode and dev errors, ignored unknown map keys, every monitored_t variant, and
rejection of unknown variants. Use serde_json::from_value::<Event> for
replay-mode coverage and keep the tests scoped to these behaviors.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Outside diff comments:
In `@fact/src/lib.rs`:
- Around line 89-148: Update run() to drain the outer task_set after
running.send(false) on normal shutdown, including Ctrl-C and SIGTERM when
is_replay is false, awaiting each task and propagating errors through
flatten_task_result. Preserve the existing replay draining behavior while
ensuring task_set is not dropped until all pipeline tasks have finished
flushing.

---

Nitpick comments:
In `@fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs`:
- Around line 108-150: Add focused serde deserialization tests around
inode_key_t’s Deserialize implementation and the Event replay deserialization
path: verify stdout-to-replay round trips, missing inode and dev errors, ignored
unknown map keys, every monitored_t variant, and rejection of unknown variants.
Use serde_json::from_value::<Event> for replay-mode coverage and keep the tests
scoped to these behaviors.

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Enterprise

Run ID: cddb4ea2-ff9b-46e9-b1a1-a2ee710806be

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between bd88a24 and 0194aae.

📒 Files selected for processing (17)
  • CHANGELOG.md
  • fact-ebpf/src/lib.rs
  • fact/src/bpf/mod.rs
  • fact/src/config/mod.rs
  • fact/src/config/reloader.rs
  • fact/src/config/tests.rs
  • fact/src/event/mod.rs
  • fact/src/event/process.rs
  • fact/src/host_scanner.rs
  • fact/src/lib.rs
  • fact/src/metrics/exporter.rs
  • fact/src/metrics/kernel_metrics.rs
  • fact/src/metrics/mod.rs
  • fact/src/output/mod.rs
  • fact/src/output/stdout.rs
  • fact/src/rate_limiter.rs
  • fact/src/replay.rs
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (9)
  • CHANGELOG.md
  • fact/src/replay.rs
  • fact/src/config/tests.rs
  • fact/src/rate_limiter.rs
  • fact/src/host_scanner.rs
  • fact/src/event/process.rs
  • fact/src/event/mod.rs
  • fact/src/config/mod.rs
  • fact/src/output/mod.rs

Add a few missing tests for the `rate_limit` configuration value.
@Molter73 Molter73 force-pushed the mauro/feat/replay-input branch from 0194aae to 896dab3 Compare July 15, 2026 09:02
@Molter73 Molter73 changed the base branch from main to mauro/tests/rate-limit July 15, 2026 09:02
Molter73 added 2 commits July 15, 2026 11:08
Add a --replay <file> CLI flag that reads pre-recorded events from a
JSONL file instead of loading eBPF programs. This allows profiling the
entire userspace pipeline with tools like valgrind DHAT that don't
support BPF syscalls.

In replay mode, the BPF loader and HostScanner are bypassed entirely.
Events flow directly from the JSONL reader through the RateLimiter and
Output stages.

Changes:
- Add Deserialize impls for inode_key_t and monitored_t (fact-ebpf)
- Add Deserialize derives to Event, FileData, Process and related types
- Make kernel metrics optional in Exporter (None in replay mode)
- Migrate task handles to a shared JoinSet for cleaner lifecycle mgmt
- Add replay module with async JSONL file reader
- Add --replay flag to CLI and config

Assisted-by: `agent-mode` <noreply@opencode.ai>
@Molter73 Molter73 force-pushed the mauro/feat/replay-input branch from 896dab3 to b3dfb5a Compare July 15, 2026 09:08
Base automatically changed from mauro/tests/rate-limit to main July 15, 2026 09:18
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